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Vault Performance

Vault performance represents the average performance of its validators. The scoring system uses a simple formula to evaluate Vault efficiency as the ratio of rewards to penalties, minimizing the influence of luck. Stakers use this score to compare Vaults when choosing where to stake.

Vault efficiency consists of two main components:

rewardsProposer Performance (20% weight)

sparksAttester Performance (80% weight)

All scores are calculated over the past 7 days.

Proposer Performance​

Block proposals depend on luck. Since MEV rewards can vary greatly between blocks, only the number of blocks processed is counted — reward sizes are ignored to avoid relying on chance.

Calculation Method​

The proposal_score is calculated by dividing the number of proposed blocks by the total number of blocks. Validators are not penalized for missed blocks; a validator only scores 0 if it misses every opportunity.

IconFormula: Proposer Score
proposal_score = proposed_block_count / (proposed_block_count + missed_block_count)

Where:

  • proposed_block_count – Number of successfully proposed blocks
  • missed_block_count – Number of missed blocks
IconBlock Reward Recipient

A block is considered missing if the transaction fee or MEV is sent to the incorrect address, which negatively impacts the Vault performance score.

Verify that your validator clients are configured with the correct fee recipient address. You can locate this address (Block reward recipient) on the Vault page in the Details section.

Attester Performance​

Attestations are the primary source of validator income — roughly 85% of all rewards — and pay for correct consensus votes with timely inclusion.

An attestation consists of three votes:

  • Head vote
  • Source vote
  • Target vote

If a validator votes correctly on all three with optimal inclusion delay, they receive 100% of the potential reward.

Calculation Method​

The beacon node API provides idealReward for an epoch, representing the maximum potential rewards based on optimal performance. This enables the calculation of the attester score:

IconFormula: Attester Score
attester_score = total_rewards / ideal_rewards

Where:

  • total_rewards – Sum of validator rewards fetched via beacon API
  • ideal_rewards – Sum of ideal rewards fetched via beacon API
IconWhy Sync Committee Is Excluded

Sync committee rewards are excluded from calculations as they constitute only 3% of consensus layer rewards and depend entirely on luck.

Final Scoring Formula​

The overall Vault performance combines both proposer and attester scores with weighted importance:

IconFormula: Overall Score
score = (8/10 * attester_score + 2/10 * proposal_score) * 100

This formula reflects that attestations are the primary source of validator rewards (80% weight), while block proposals provide additional rewards (20% weight).

Performance Grades​

Vault grades are based on the 7-day average performance:

99.6–100%

  • No missed blocks or a very small percentage of them
  • Validators perform excellently in attestations
  • Less than 0.5% missed attestation rewards
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